使用方法 Usage method 1. 根据患者的年龄，体重，手术部位是上肢或下肢选用合适的袖带（上肢：短、窄；下肢：长、宽）。 1. according to the age and weight of the patient, the appropriate cuff should be used on the upper limbs or lower extremities (upper limbs: short and narrow); lower limbs: long and wide. 2. 袖带不能直接接触皮肤，而应用棉纸覆盖在皮肤表面，然后绑袖带。 The 2. cuff can not directly touch the skin, but the cotton paper is used to cover the skin surface, and then the cuff is tied. 3. 选择缚扎部位上肢应在肱骨上1/3段；下肢在大腿根部（因上肢避开了桡神经，下肢容易直接压迫股动脉，但也有报道认为对于下肢远端的手术，止血带的袖带越宽，四肢的周径越小，阻断血流所需的压力就越低，使用者就越舒适，因此建议足趾手术时，止血带最好放置在踝上方） 3. the upper limb of the binding site should be in the 1/3 segment of the upper humerus. Lower extremity is in the root of the thigh (because the upper limb avoids the radial nerve and the lower extremities are easy to directly oppress the femoral artery. But it is also reported that the wider the distal end of the lower extremities, the wider the cuff of the tourniquet, the smaller the circumference of the limbs, the lower the pressure needed to block the blood flow, the more users the more. " Therefore, it is recommended that the tourniquet be placed above the ankle during toe surgery. 4. 接通气管，检查接头处是否衔接紧密、袖带内气囊是否漏气。 4. connect the trachea, check whether the joint is tightly connected and whether the air bag in the cuff is leaking. 5. 设定压力值：为了避免局部组织损伤及神经干挤压伤，同时又要达到理想的止血目的，止血带的设定压力要根据局部组织薄厚、患者年龄、肢体周径大小及局部动脉收缩压而定。上肢为收缩压的1.5倍，下肢为收缩压的2倍 5. set pressure value: in order to avoid local tissue injury and nerve dry extrusion injury, and to achieve the ideal hemostasis, the pressure of the tourniquet should be determined according to the local tissue thickness, the age of the patient, the size of the limb circumference and the local arterial systolic pressure. The upper limbs are 1.5 times of systolic blood pressure, and the lower limbs are 2 times of systolic blood pressure. 6. 设定时间：上肢一般不超过60 min，下肢不超过90 min。若手术时间长，则应让肢体恢复血流10～15 min，然后再阻断。 6. setting time: the upper extremities generally do not exceed 60 min, and the lower limbs do not exceed 90 min. If the operation time is long, the blood flow should be restored to 10~15 min and then be stopped. 7. 加压：止血带加压前，先将肢体抬高3 min左右，加速静脉血回流，以减少肢体血量。 7. pressure: before the tourniquet is pressurized, raise the limbs 3 min or so, and accelerate the venous blood flow to reduce the blood volume of limbs. 8. 及时记录充气时间，术中注意加强对患者呼吸、循环功能的监测。 8. record inflation time in time, and strengthen monitoring of respiratory and circulatory function during operation. 9. 听到提示音，做好放气的准备（伤口须加压包扎，防止渗血。放气前，对有潜在性影响血压的因素，如贫血或失血量过多者，需预防性应用小剂量麻黄素10～15 mg，以预防止血带休克的发生，同时要适当加快补液速度以补充和维持有效的血容量）。 9. listen to the prompting sound and prepare for air letting. Before deflating, the factors that have potential to affect blood pressure, such as anemia or excessive blood loss, need to be prevented by a preventive application of 10~15 mg of ephedrine to prevent the occurrence of tourniquet shock, at the same time, it is necessary to speed up the speed of rehydration to supplement and maintain effective blood volume. 10. 放气时应适当抬高患肢。 10. the affected limb should be properly raised when the air is released. 注意事项 Matters needing attention （1）正确选择止血带的缚扎部位，防止神经压伤。 (1) choose the location of tourniquet to prevent nerve crush injury. （2）选用合适的棉纸做衬垫（宽度超过袖带2～4 cm为宜），平整缚扎，保护受压皮肤，再将止血带平整地缚扎其上，松紧度以一指为宜并在外系好固定带，防止充气后滑脱；远离切口10～15 cm，便于无菌操作，防止感染；通气管要放在肢体近端，避免污染手术野，又易于打气。 (2) choose the appropriate cotton paper as a liner (the width is more than the cuff 2~4 cm), the smooth binding, the protection of the pressed skin, and the tie of the tourniquet on it. The tightness is suitable for a finger and is in a good external fixation belt to prevent the slippage after inflated; away from the incision 10~15 cm, it is convenient for the aseptic operation to prevent infection; the ventilation tube is easy to prevent. It should be placed near the extremities to avoid polluting the operating field and easy to pump up. （3）消毒皮肤时应做好止血带部位皮肤的保护，防止消毒液渗透。 (3) the skin of tourniquet should be protected when disinfecting the skin, so as to prevent the penetration of disinfectant. （4）严格掌握使用时间及压力控制。老人、小孩及身体虚弱者应适当降低压力值（上肢200 mmHg；下肢不超过250 mmHg）及缩短上止血带时间（尽可能控制在1 h内），听见报警音应及时做好放气准备。 (4) strictly control the use of time and pressure. The elderly, children and debilitating persons should appropriately reduce the pressure value (200 mmHg of the upper limb; lower extremity not more than 250 mmHg) and shorten the upper tourniquet time (as far as possible within 1 h), and hear the alarm sound in time to prepare for air release. （5）注意调节好室温，室温高时要相应地缩短上止血带时间。 (5) pay attention to adjusting the room temperature at room temperature and shorten the tourniquet time accordingly.