止血带技术背景
Technical background of tourniquet
以往国内医院使用的胶管型止血带，存在交叉使用，反复使用，保管随意，不消毒或消毒不彻或消毒闇隔过长等普遍现象，造成止血带污染严重等共性问题。
In the past, rubber hose tourniquets used in domestic hospitals had common problems, such as cross-use, repeated use, random storage, no disinfection or inadequate disinfection or too long hidden sterilization, which caused serious pollution of tourniquets.
具体表现为：
The concrete manifestations are as follows:
1、止血带拾的病原菌远超出《医院消毒卫生标准》（GB15982—1995）4.2.3所规定的“接触皮肤的医疗用品细菌菌落总数应≤200cfu/g或100平方厘米：致病性微生物不得检出”要求，且检验出条件致病菌（对此国内大量文献有报道）。
1. The pathogenic bacteria collected by tourniquet far exceed the requirement of "the total number of bacterial colonies in medical articles contacting skin should be less than 200 cfu/g or 100 square centimeters: pathogenic microorganisms should not be detected" stipulated in "Hospital Disinfection Hygiene Standard" (GB15982-1995), and conditional pathogenic bacteria can be detected (which has been reported in a large number of domestic literatures).
2、未按《医院感染管理办法》第三章第十二条（中华人民共和国卫生部48号令）要求的“接触皮肤、粘膜的医疗器械、器具和物品必须达到消毒水平；各种用于穿刺、采血等有创操作的医疗器具必须一用一灭菌”的相关规定操作。
2. Medical instruments, instruments and articles contacting skin and mucosa must reach disinfection level, and all kinds of medical instruments used for invasive operations such as puncture and blood collection must be sterilized in one use, which are not required by Article 12 of Article 3 of the Regulations on Hospital Infection Management (Decree No. 48 of the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China).