颈部是人体命脉，包含着重要的血管、神经、气管、颈椎及脊髓等重要器官。如果出现意外伤害，会导致出血、呼吸困难等严重后果。因此，正确的现场急救，不仅能将患者从死神的手中夺回，还能提高治疗的成功率，避免残疾。 现场急救主要包括五部分： 　　1.止血。如果颈部有大血管出血，应立即用无菌纱布或干净的棉织物填塞止血，然后将健侧的上臂举起，紧贴头部做支架，对颈部进行单侧加压包扎。切不可用纱布环绕颈部加压包扎，否则会压迫气管引起呼吸困难，并可能因压迫静脉影响回流而发生脑水肿。 　　2.通气。气管、食管损伤时，为防止窒息，应想方设法将口腔、气管的分泌物、血液或异物予以清除。 　　3.固定。颈椎中有脊髓通过，如果颈部神经受损，会造医学教|育网搜集整理成四肢瘫痪，甚至危及生命。因此，必须固定颈部，至少将毛巾或报纸等卷成圆筒状围在颈部周围，防止伤员头部左右摇摆，加重颈椎脊髓损伤。 　　4.转运。转运过程中务必使患者平稳。其标准的作法，就是先找一块木板轻轻塞进患者身下，而后抬木板至担架上，接着用颈圈固定患者颈部，再以大宽布把患者身体与木板紧紧地从头缠到脚。切不可连拉带拽地送伤员去医院，否则会导致患者的神经被拉断，留下终身瘫痪的遗憾。 　　5.安慰。颈部受伤的病人多有恐惧、悲观、绝望情绪，因此，救护者应多与病人交流、沟通，用各种切实可行的方法来增强病人的自信心，提高病人的心理适应能力。
The neck is lifeline of human body, including the important blood vessels, nerves, trachea, cervical vertebra and the spinal cord and other important organs. If an accident harm, will lead to serious consequences such as bleeding, difficulty in breathing. Therefore, the correct site first aid, not only the sufferer can wrest from death, also can improve the success rate of the treatment to avoid disability. The scene first aid mainly includes five parts: 1. To stop the bleeding. If there is a great vessels hemorrhage neck, should be immediately with sterile gauze or a clean cotton fabric is bleeding, then lifted the contralateral upper arm, close to the head do support, unilateral compression bandage on the neck. Must not with gauze compression bandage around neck, or oppression airway can cause breathing difficulties, and may be due to the oppression vein reflux and brain edema. 2. The ventilation. Trachea and esophagus damage, so as to prevent suffocation, should seek to oral, tracheal secretions, blood, or foreign bodies shall be cleared. 3. Fixed. In the cervical spinal cord through, if the neck nerve damage, will make medical teaching | education net collection into a quadriplegic, even life threatening. Must be fixed, therefore, the neck, at least to towel or newspaper and roll into a cylinder circumference around the neck, to prevent the injured head from side to side, increase the cervical spinal cord injury. 4. Transshipment. Be sure to make the patients during the transfer process smoothly. Its standard practice, is to find a piece of wood into patients' body gently, and then carry board to a stretcher, with fixed neck collar, then again with big wide cloth the patients body with planks from scratch tightly bound to the feet. Not even with free to take the wounded to the hospital, otherwise it will cause the patient's nerve is pulled, leave regret lifelong paralysis. 5. Comfort. Neck injury patients have more fear, pessimism, despair, therefore, care should be more communication, communication with patients, with a variety of practical and feasible approach to enhance the patient's confidence, improve the patient's psychological adaptability.